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Effluent Treatment Plant For Hospitals

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effluent treatment plant for hospitals offer best technology Hospitals require a big quantity of fresh running water for various every day activities and as a result of their dedication to healthcare services and all of its departments release a deluge of effluent and wastewater on daily basis, which needs to be treated before it is disposed off into our own environment or is put to reuse. The effluent released from Effluent Treatment plant for hospitals carry a big amount of radioactive isotopes, microbiological pathogens, particles of used solutions, syringes, huge mass of metals, disinfectants and so forth and all of these are potentially hazardous to human survival. For such reasons, environmentalists place a huge importance upon effluent treatment plants for hospitals and the effluent menace is categorized as Black water, Grey water and Storm water.

However, when a superior plants for effluent treatment is being installed at hospital sites, following process gets underway which can be divided into stages:

 

  • Preliminary Treatment Stage,
  • Primary Treatment Stage,
  • Secondary Treatment Phase,
  • Tertiary or Final Treatment.

Effluent Treatment Plant For Hospitals,at preliminary stage, bar screens are utilized for extracting big solids such as plastic, pens, bottles, rags, paper etc which flow along sewage. If such huge mass are not removed, then plant components, bars and blades can be damaged by their presence. Further, the process of sedimentation is implemented whereby stones, grit and sand when the wastewater flows into grit tank and the speed of flow is slowed down drastically with a strategy. Following this, primary stage arrives where physical and chemical methods are put in use to refine wastewater further, which was left in earlier stage after which wastewater is sent to sedimentation tank where heavier articles settle down to the bottom while smaller and lighter ones float on surface. Skimming process is implemented where lighter ones are skimmed resulting in the removal of upto 65% of suspended particles from the wastewater. Grit chambers are designed to extract grit but the heavier objects which settle down is called primary sludge and is sent to disposal tank and water which is half clean, is allowed to enter for next stage processing.

Secondary Stage arrives where biological treatment methods are applied which removes upto 80% more dirt from remaining wastewater. Most of the effluent treatment plants for hospitals make use of activated sludge process, where air is supplied in order to encourage the growth of microbes which let the organic matter to split. Again, heavy items settle onto bottom (known as secondary effluent) while lighter ones reaches the top. At last stage, disinfection technologies are relied upon which make use of ozone, chlorine, UV rays to procure toxic elements as are contained by wastewater and it results in removal of phosphorus, nitrogen and other harmful chemicals making wastewater safe to dispose or reuse.

Pre-treatment Or Preliminary Treatment Level:-
Here, the solids with larger size are removed certain activities are involved such as coarse screening, grit removal or crushing big solids into smaller objects. After such treatment, the wastewater is sent to next step of treatment level.

Primary Treatment Level:-
Gross filtration takes place so as to remove the big volume of solid objects that are still left in the effluent and here upto 50% or 60% f suspended solids are taken out, which also include oil, grease, nitrogen, phosphorus etc which remains glued to such solid objects.

Secondary Treatment Level:-
Here, aerobic and anaerobic processes are initiated to remove the suspended solids as well as other residual matter. The sludge process which is activated is the most commonly used and relied one where aeration tank is put into action containing oxygen that is supplied to microorganisms and as a result of which, biodegradable waste is removed thereby.

Tertiary Treatment Level:-
The sole purpose of such level is to completely rid the effluent of any harmful chemicals and contents, before it is left open to be mixed into the environment. Here, just like a fresh start, the hazardous elements are removed which are left during earlier levels and disinfection process is the key feature which chlorine, UV light, ozone etc are included and as a result of this, no contaminant is left in the effluent and it is termed safe to dispose into the environment and such water can be recycled and reused too.

WASTE WATER AND TREATED WATER CHARACTERSTICS:-
Wastewater will have the following characteristics of before and after treatment as per PCB norms. As the BOD load is equally distributed in daily discharge, no separate BOD removal is suggested.

SN ITEMS Description
Before Treatment After Treatment
1 Temperature 250 C to 350 C Not exceed 50 C above ambient
2 Colour Light yellowish Colourless
3 Odour Present (light) Nil
4 pH NA 6.5 to 8
5 TSS NA  
6 Oil and grease NA  
7 BOD NA  
8 COD NA 150 mg/ltr

NOTE:-
As the BOD load is equally distributed in daily discharge, no separate BOD removal is suggested.

TREATMENT CONCEPT
The effluent reach to ETP from all the streams is made homogeneous in the underground equalization tank, after subjected to, bar screen chamber, and Oil and grease trap.

  • Air agitation is being provided in the equalization tank to ensure homogeneity.
  • Effluent is lifted and transferred to flash mixer, where coagulant/chemicals are being added by dosing.
  • Dosing is achieved by automatic dosing pumps for precise quantities of chemical dosing.
  • Air agitation is provided in dosing tanks and flash mixer for mixing of solutions.
  • The air quantity can be regulated by valves provided in the piping.
  • The overflow solution of flash mixer shall be taken to clari-flocculator tank.
  • Flocculent chemical is added in this tank with dosing pump, which help the impurities to form large flocs in the form of sludge.
  • The clarifier is inclined tube type settler, having tubepac media for sludge separation. These are inclined tubes made out of PVC material, placed at an angle of 600.
  • Sludge settles at the bottom of tube settler and treated water goes to biological treatment.
  • Sludge from the bottom of the clarifier in being taken to sludge drying beds or filter press system for dewatering.
  • Sludge cakes are being formed after separation of water.
  • Solid waste will be transferred to land fill or PCB designated sites.
  • Sludge settles at the bottom of secondary tube settler and treated water overflows to treated water holding tank.
  • Filtered water from sludge dewatering system will be taken back to equalization tank.
  • Water from TWHT is being transferred to DMF (Dual Media Filter) for final treatment of TSS.
  • Water from DMF is being transferred to ACF (Activated Carbon Filter) for treatment of Color, Odor etc.
  • Finally water will be discharged or used for horticulture.

BRIEF SCOPE OF SUPPLY:-
Our brief scope of supply will include following items for the integrated ETP:

  ITEMS/EQUIPMENTS Quantity
A PRIMARY TREATMENT SECTION  
1 Bar screen 01 No.
2 Effluent transfer pump 01  No.
3 Air blower (for complete aeration system) 01 No.
4 Aeration grids 01 Lot
5 Packaged treatment unit 01 Set
6 Chemical Dosing systems 03 Sets
7 Filter Feed Tank 01 No.
B SECONDARY TREATMENT SECTION  
1 Filter feed pump 01 No.
2 Dual Media filter 01 No.
3 Activated Carbon filter 01 No.
4 Filter Feed Tank 01 No.
5 Chlorine Dosing system 01 Set
C OTHER ITEMS  
1 Piping and instrumentation As per P&ID
2 Treated water storage tank 02 Nos.
3 Transfer Pump, 1.5HP 02 Nos.
4 Transfer Pump, 7.5HP 01 Nos.
5 Control panel and internal cabling 01 Lot
 

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